This page shows how to create Kubernetes Services in aGoogle Kubernetes Engine (GKE) cluster. For an explanation of the Service conceptand a discussion of the various types of Services, seeService.
Introduction
The idea of aService is to group a set of Pod endpoints into a single resource.You can configure various ways to access the grouping. By default, you get astable cluster IP address that clients inside the cluster can use to contactPods in the Service. A client sends a request to the stable IP address, and therequest is routed to one of the Pods in the Service.
There are five types of Services:
- ClusterIP (default)
- NodePort
- LoadBalancer
- ExternalName
- Headless
Autopilot clusters are public by default. If you opt for aprivateAutopilot cluster, you must configure Cloud NATto make outbound internet connections, for example pulling images from DockerHub.
This topic has several exercises. In each exercise, you create a Deployment andexpose its Pods by creating a Service. Then you send an HTTP request to theService.
Before you begin
Before you start, make sure you have performed the following tasks:
- Enable the Google Kubernetes Engine API. Enable Google Kubernetes Engine API
- If you want to use the Google Cloud CLI for this task, install and then initialize the gcloud CLI.
Creating a Service of type ClusterIP
In this section, you create a Service of typeClusterIP.
kubectl apply
Here is a manifest for a Deployment:
apiVersion: apps/v1kind: Deploymentmetadata: name: my-deploymentspec: selector: matchLabels: app: metrics department: sales replicas: 3 template: metadata: labels: app: metrics department: sales spec: containers: - name: hello image: "us-docker.pkg.dev/google-samples/containers/gke/hello-app:2.0"Copy the manifest to a file named my-deployment.yaml, and create theDeployment:
kubectl apply -f my-deployment.yamlVerify that three Pods are running:
kubectl get podsThe output shows three running Pods:
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGEmy-deployment-dbd86c8c4-h5wsf 1/1 Running 0 7smy-deployment-dbd86c8c4-qfw22 1/1 Running 0 7smy-deployment-dbd86c8c4-wt4s6 1/1 Running 0 7sHere is a manifest for a Service of type ClusterIP:
apiVersion: v1kind: Servicemetadata: name: my-cip-servicespec: type: ClusterIP # Uncomment the below line to create a Headless Service # clusterIP: None selector: app: metrics department: sales ports: - protocol: TCP port: 80 targetPort: 8080The Service has a selector that specifies two labels:
app: metricsdepartment: sales
Each Pod in the Deployment that you created previously has those two labels.So the Pods in the Deployment will become members of this Service.
Copy the manifest to a file named my-cip-service.yaml, and create theService:
kubectl apply -f my-cip-service.yamlWait a moment for Kubernetes to assign a stable internal address to theService, and then view the Service:
kubectl get service my-cip-service --output yamlThe output shows a value for clusterIP:
spec: clusterIP: 10.59.241.241Make a note of your clusterIP value for later.
Console
Create a Deployment
Go to the Workloads page in the Google Cloud console.
Go to Workloads
Click add_box Deploy.
Under Container, select Existing container image.
For Image path, enter
us-docker.pkg.dev/google-samples/containers/gke/hello-app:2.0Click Done, then click Continue.
Under Configuration, for Application name, enter
my-deployment.Under Labels, create the following labels:
- Key:
appand Value:metrics - Key:
departmentand Value:sales
- Key:
Under Cluster, choose the cluster in which you want to create the Deployment.
Click Deploy.
When your Deployment is ready, the Deployment details page opens.Under Managed pods, you can see that your Deployment has one or morerunning Pods.
(Video) Google Kubernetes Engine - Create GKE Cluster and Deploy App
Create a Service to expose your Deployment
- On the Deployment details page, click listActions > Expose.
In the Expose dialog, under Port mapping, set the following values:
- Port:
80 - Target port:
8080 - Protocol:
TCP
- Port:
From the Service type drop-down list, select Cluster IP.
Click Expose.
When your Service is ready, the Service details page opens, and youcan see details about your Service. Under Cluster IP, make a note ofthe IP address that Kubernetes assigned to your Service. This is theIP address that internal clients can use to call the Service.
Accessing your Service
List your running Pods:
kubectl get podsIn the output, copy one of the Pod names that begins with my-deployment.
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGEmy-deployment-dbd86c8c4-h5wsf 1/1 Running 0 2m51sGet a shell into one of your running containers:
kubectl exec -it POD_NAME -- shReplace POD_NAME with the name of one of the Pods inmy-deployment.
In your shell, install curl:
apk add --no-cache curlIn the container, make a request to your Service by using your cluster IPaddress and port 80. Notice that 80 is the value of the port field of yourService. This is the port that you use as a client of the Service.
curl CLUSTER_IP:80Replace CLUSTER_IP with the value of clusterIP in yourService.
Your request is forwarded to one of the member Pods on TCP port 8080, which isthe value of the targetPort field. Note that each of the Service's member Podsmust have a container listening on port 8080.
The response shows the output of hello-app:
Hello, world!Version: 2.0.0Hostname: my-deployment-dbd86c8c4-h5wsfTo exit the shell to your container, enter exit.
Creating a Service of type NodePort
In this section, you create a Service of typeNodePort.
kubectl apply
Here is a manifest for a Deployment:
apiVersion: apps/v1kind: Deploymentmetadata: name: my-deployment-50000spec: selector: matchLabels: app: metrics department: engineering replicas: 3 template: metadata: labels: app: metrics department: engineering spec: containers: - name: hello image: "us-docker.pkg.dev/google-samples/containers/gke/hello-app:2.0" env: - name: "PORT" value: "50000"Notice the env object in the manifest. The env object specifies that thePORT environment variable for the running container will have a value of50000. The hello-app application listens on the port specified by thePORT environment variable. So in this exercise, you are telling thecontainer to listen on port 50000.
Copy the manifest to a file named my-deployment-50000.yaml, and create theDeployment:
kubectl apply -f my-deployment-50000.yamlVerify that three Pods are running:
kubectl get podsHere is a manifest for a Service of type NodePort:
apiVersion: v1kind: Servicemetadata: name: my-np-servicespec: type: NodePort selector: app: metrics department: engineering ports: - protocol: TCP port: 80 targetPort: 50000Copy the manifest to a file named my-np-service.yaml, and create theService:
kubectl apply -f my-np-service.yamlView the Service:
kubectl get service my-np-service --output yamlThe output shows a nodePort value:
... spec: ... ports: - nodePort: 30876 port: 80 protocol: TCP targetPort: 50000 selector: app: metrics department: engineering sessionAffinity: None type: NodePort...If the nodes in your cluster have external IP addresses, find the externalIP address of one of your nodes:
kubectl get nodes --output wideThe output shows the external IP addresses of your nodes:
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION EXTERNAL-IPgke-svc-... Ready none 1h v1.9.7-gke.6 203.0.113.1Not all clusters have external IP addresses for nodes. For example,the nodes inprivate clustersdo not have external IP addresses.
Create a firewall rule to allow TCP traffic on your node port:
gcloud compute firewall-rules create test-node-port \ --allow tcp:NODE_PORTReplace NODE_PORT with the value of the nodePortfield of your Service.
Console
Create a Deployment
Go to the Workloads page in the Google Cloud console.
(Video) Deploying Microservices Application on GCP Kubernetes Cluster ( GKE )Go to Workloads
Click add_box Deploy.
Under Container, select Existing container image.
For Image path, enter
us-docker.pkg.dev/google-samples/containers/gke/hello-app:2.0.Click add Add Environment Variable.
For Key, enter
PORT, and for Value, enter50000.Click Done, then click Continue.
Under Configuration, for Application name, enter
my-deployment-50000.Under Labels, create the following labels:
- Key:
appand Value:metrics - Key:
departmentand Value:engineering
- Key:
Under Cluster, choose the cluster in which you want to create the Deployment.
Click Deploy.
When your Deployment is ready, the Deployment details page opens.Under Managed pods, you can see that your Deployment has one or morerunning Pods.
Create a Service to expose your Deployment
- On the Deployment details page, click listActions > Expose.
In the Expose dialog, under Port mapping, set the following values:
- Port:
80 - Target port:
50000 - Protocol:
TCP
- Port:
From the Service type drop-down list, select Node port.
Click Expose.
When your Service is ready, the Service details page opens, and youcan see details about your Service. Under Ports, make a note ofthe Node Port that Kubernetes assigned to your Service.
Create a firewall rule for your node port
Go to the Firewall page in the Google Cloud console.
Go to Firewall
Click add_box Create firewall rule.
For Name, enter
test-node-port.From the Targets drop-down list, select All instances in the network.
For Source IP ranges, enter
0.0.0.0/0.Under Protocols and ports, select Specified protocols and ports.
Select the tcp checkbox, and enter the node port value you noted.
Click Create.
Find the external IP address of one of your cluster nodes.
Go to the Google Kubernetes Engine page in the Google Cloud console.
Go to Google Kubernetes Engine
Click the name of the cluster you are using for this exercise.
On the Cluster details page, click the Nodes tab.
Under Node Pools, click the name of a node pool to open the Nodepool details page.
(Video) Kubernetes quickstart on Google CloudUnder Instance groups, click the name of an instance group.
In the list of nodes, make a note of one of the external IP addresses.
Access your Service
In your browser's address bar, enter the following:
NODE_IP_ADDRESS:NODE_PORTReplace the following:
NODE_IP_ADDRESS: the external IP address of one ofyour nodes, found when creating the service in the previous task.NODE_PORT: your node port value.
The output is similar to the following:
Hello, world!Version: 2.0.0Hostname: my-deployment-50000-6fb75d85c9-g8c4fCreating a Service of type LoadBalancer
In this section, you create a Service of typeLoadBalancer.
kubectl apply
Here is a manifest for a Deployment:
apiVersion: apps/v1kind: Deploymentmetadata: name: my-deployment-50001spec: selector: matchLabels: app: products department: sales replicas: 3 template: metadata: labels: app: products department: sales spec: containers: - name: hello image: "us-docker.pkg.dev/google-samples/containers/gke/hello-app:2.0" env: - name: "PORT" value: "50001"Notice that the containers in this Deployment will listen on port 50001.
Copy the manifest to a file named my-deployment-50001.yaml, and create theDeployment:
kubectl apply -f my-deployment-50001.yamlVerify that three Pods are running:
kubectl get podsHere is a manifest for a Service of type LoadBalancer:
apiVersion: v1kind: Servicemetadata: name: my-lb-servicespec: type: LoadBalancer selector: app: products department: sales ports: - protocol: TCP port: 60000 targetPort: 50001Copy the manifest to a file named my-lb-service.yaml, and create theService:
kubectl apply -f my-lb-service.yamlWhen you create a Service of type LoadBalancer, a Google Cloudcontroller wakes up and configures anetwork load balancer.Wait a minute for the controller to configure the network load balancer andgenerate a stable IP address.
View the Service:
kubectl get service my-lb-service --output yamlThe output shows a stable external IP address under loadBalancer:ingress:
...spec: ... ports: - ... port: 60000 protocol: TCP targetPort: 50001 selector: app: products department: sales sessionAffinity: None type: LoadBalancerstatus: loadBalancer: ingress: - ip: 203.0.113.10Console
Create a Deployment
Go to the Workloads page in the Google Cloud console.
Go to Workloads
Click add_box Deploy.
Under Container, select Existing container image.
For Image path, enter
us-docker.pkg.dev/google-samples/containers/gke/hello-app:2.0.Click add Add Environment Variable.
For Key, enter
PORT, and for Value, enter50001.Click Done, then click Continue.
Under Configuration, for Application name, enter
my-deployment-50001.Under Labels, create the following labels:
- Key:
appand Value:products - Key:
departmentand Value:sales
- Key:
Under Cluster, choose the cluster in which you want to create the Deployment.
Click Deploy.
When your Deployment is ready, the Deployment details page opens.Under Managed pods, you can see that your Deployment has one or morerunning Pods.
Create a Service to expose your Deployment
- On the Deployment details page, click listActions > Expose.
In the Expose dialog, under Port mapping, set the following values:
(Video) Google Kubernetes Engine Ingress Demo- Port:
60000 - Target port:
50001 - Protocol:
TCP
- Port:
From the Service type drop-down list, select Load balancer.
Click Expose.
When your Service is ready, the Service details page opens, and youcan see details about your Service. Under Load Balancer, make a note ofthe load balancer's external IP address.
Access your Service
Wait a few minutes for GKE to configure the load balancer.
In your browser's address bar, enter the following:
LOAD_BALANCER_ADDRESS:60000Replace LOAD_BALANCER_ADDRESS with the external IPaddress of your load balancer.
The response shows the output of hello-app:
Hello, world!Version: 2.0.0Hostname: my-deployment-50001-68bb7dfb4b-prvctNotice that the value of port in a Service is arbitrary. The precedingexample demonstrates this by using a port value of 60000.
Creating a Service of type ExternalName
In this section, you create a Service of typeExternalName.
A Service of type ExternalName provides an internal alias for an external DNSname. Internal clients make requests using the internal DNS name, and therequests are redirected to the external name.
Here is a manifest for a Service of type ExternalName:
apiVersion: v1kind: Servicemetadata: name: my-xn-servicespec: type: ExternalName externalName: example.comIn the preceding example, the DNS name ismy-xn-service.default.svc.cluster.local. When an internal client makes a requestto my-xn-service.default.svc.cluster.local, the request gets redirected toexample.com.
Using kubectl expose to create a Service
As an alternative to writing a Service manifest, you can create a Serviceby using kubectl expose to expose a Deployment.
To expose my-deployment, shown earlier in this topic, you could enter thiscommand:
kubectl expose deployment my-deployment --name my-cip-service \ --type ClusterIP --protocol TCP --port 80 --target-port 8080To expose my-deployment-50000, show earlier in this topic, you could enterthis command:
kubectl expose deployment my-deployment-50000 --name my-np-service \ --type NodePort --protocol TCP --port 80 --target-port 50000To expose my-deployment-50001, shown earlier in this topic, you could enterthis command:
kubectl expose deployment my-deployment-50001 --name my-lb-service \ --type LoadBalancer --port 60000 --target-port 50001Cleaning up
After completing the exercises on this page, follow these steps to removeresources and prevent unwanted charges incurring on your account:
kubectl apply
Deleting your Services
kubectl delete services my-cip-service my-np-service my-lb-serviceDeleting your Deployments
kubectl delete deployments my-deployment my-deployment-50000 my-deployment-50001Deleting your firewall rule
gcloud compute firewall-rules delete test-node-portConsole
Deleting your Services
Go to the Services page in the Google Cloud console.
Go to Services
Select the Services you created in this exercise, then click delete Delete.
When prompted to confirm, click Delete.
Deleting your Deployments
Go to the Workloads page in the Google Cloud console.
Go to Workloads
Select the Deployments you created in this exercise, then click delete Delete.
When prompted to confirm, select the Delete Horizontal Pod Autoscalersassociated with selected Deployments checkbox, then click Delete.
Deleting your firewall rule
Go to the Firewall page in the Google Cloud console.
Go to Firewall
Select the test-node-port checkbox, then click delete Delete.
When prompted to confirm, click Delete.
(Video) Google Kubernetes Engine: Create GKE Cluster and Deploy Sample Website!!
What's next
- Services
- Deployments
- StatefulSets
- Pods
- Ingress
- HTTP Load Balancing with Ingress
FAQs
How do you expose the application in Kubernetes? ›
From the Service type drop-down list, select Node port. Click Expose. When your Service is ready, the Service details page opens, and you can see details about your Service. Under Ports, make a note of the Node Port that Kubernetes assigned to your Service.
Which of the following are benefits of Google Kubernetes engine Gke? ›- Google Cloud's load-balancing for Compute Engine instances.
- Node pools to designate subsets of nodes within a cluster for additional flexibility.
- Automatic scaling of your cluster's node instance count.
- Automatic upgrades for your cluster's node software.
A Kubernetes Service is a Kubernetes object which enables cross-communication between different components within and outside a Kubernetes cluster. It exposes Kubernetes applications to the outside world while simultaneously allowing network access to a set of Pods within and outside of a Kubernetes cluster.
How do you expose Kubernetes pod outside the Kubernetes cluster? ›You have several options for connecting to nodes, pods and services from outside the cluster: Access services through public IPs. Use a service with type NodePort or LoadBalancer to make the service reachable outside the cluster. See the services and kubectl expose documentation.
Is it safe to expose Kubernetes API? ›Kubernetes exposes APIs that let you configure the entire Kubernetes cluster management lifecycle. Thus, securing access to the Kubernetes API is one of the most security-sensitive aspects to consider when considering Kubernetes security.
Which part of Kubernetes is responsible for exposing your application for users? ›The API server is a component of the Kubernetes control plane that exposes the Kubernetes API.
What is Google Kubernetes engine used for? ›What is Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE)? - YouTube
What is Kubernetes is used for? ›Kubernetes automates operational tasks of container management and includes built-in commands for deploying applications, rolling out changes to your applications, scaling your applications up and down to fit changing needs, monitoring your applications, and more—making it easier to manage applications.
What is the main benefit of Kubernetes? ›Kubernetes services provide load balancing and simplify container management on multiple hosts. They make it easy for an enterprise's apps to have greater scalability and be flexible, portable and more productive. In fact, Kubernetes is the fastest growing project in the history of open-source software, after Linux.
Which service is default when we expose the deployment in Kubernetes? ›ClusterIP (default) - Exposes the Service on an internal IP in the cluster. This type makes the Service only reachable from within the cluster. NodePort - Exposes the Service on the same port of each selected Node in the cluster using NAT.
What is expose command in Kubernetes? ›
kubectl expose − This is used to expose the Kubernetes objects such as pod, replication controller, and service as a new Kubernetes service. This has the capability to expose it via a running container or from a yaml file.
How do you expose pod IP in Kubernetes? ›- Install kubectl.
- Use a cloud provider like Google Kubernetes Engine or Amazon Web Services to create a Kubernetes cluster. ...
- Configure kubectl to communicate with your Kubernetes API server.
- Execute the following command: kubectl edit service kubernetes-dashboard -n kube-system.
- Using the standard vi editor syntax, replace the following line as shown below: Replace: type: ClusterIP. With: type: NodePort.
Types of services in Kubernetes
There are four types of services that are defined by how they expose the service outside the cluster.
- Use Transport Layer Security (TLS) for all API traffic. ...
- API Authentication. ...
- API Authorization. ...
- Limiting resource usage on a cluster. ...
- Controlling what privileges containers run with. ...
- Preventing containers from loading unwanted kernel modules. ...
- Restricting network access.
Kubernetes uses a flat network model that allows each pod to communicate with any other pod in the cluster by default. This creates major security concerns, because it allows attackers who compromise one pod to freely communicate with all other resources in the cluster.
How do I expose Kubernetes API server? ›If you would like to query the API without an official client library, you can run kubectl proxy as the command of a new sidecar container in the Pod. This way, kubectl proxy will authenticate to the API and expose it on the localhost interface of the Pod, so that other containers in the Pod can use it directly.
What is the biggest disadvantage of Kubernetes? ›The transition to Kubernetes can become slow, complicated, and challenging to manage. Kubernetes has a steep learning curve. It is recommended to have an expert with a more in-depth knowledge of K8s on your team, and this could be expensive and hard to find.
Which of the following Kubernetes objects are used to run applications? ›The worker nodes run applications. The collection of head nodes and worker nodes becomes a cluster. Each Kubernetes node includes a container runtime, such as Docker, plus an agent (kubelet) that communicates with the head.
What steps would you take to secure an application running on Kubernetes at each level? ›- Upgrade Kubernetes to latest version. ...
- Secure Kubernetes API server authentication. ...
- Enable role-based access control authorization. ...
- Control access to the kubelet. ...
- Harden node security. ...
- Set up namespaces and network policies. ...
- Enable audit logging.
What is service and Deployment in Kubernetes? ›
What's the difference between a Service and a Deployment in Kubernetes? A deployment is responsible for keeping a set of pods running. A service is responsible for enabling network access to a set of pods. We could use a deployment without a service to keep a set of identical pods running in the Kubernetes cluster.
What is the difference between GKE and Kubernetes? ›In short Kubernetes does the orchestration, the rest are services that would run on top of Kubernetes. GKE brings you all these components out-of-the-box, and you don't have to maintain them. They're setup for you, and they're more 'integrated' with the Google portal.
What is the difference between App Engine and Kubernetes engine? ›App Engine is a PaaS service from Google Cloud. It offers features like popular programming languages, application versioning, and a fully managed environment. Kubernetes Engine is a platform that makes it simple to deploy, manage, and scale Kubernetes.
What type of service best describes Google Kubernetes engine? ›Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE) is a management and orchestration system for Docker container and container clusters that run within Google's public cloud services.
What is Kubernetes in simple words? ›Kubernetes, or K8s for short, is an open-source container-orchestration tool designed by Google. It's used for bundling and managing clusters of containerized applications — a process known as 'orchestration' in the computing world. The name Kubernetes originates from Greek, meaning helmsman or pilot.
Is Google a Kubernetes? ›Google originally designed Kubernetes, but the Cloud Native Computing Foundation now maintains the project.
What problem does Kubernetes solve? ›Kubernetes in essence is an orchestrator and manager of applications. The core problem that Kubernetes is solving is the ability to manage containerized apps at scale. However, Kubernetes isn't the only platform doing this. Remember, you must keep in mind that “technology over platform” is extremely important.
Is Kubernetes a valuable skill? ›All in all, Kubernetes is one of those promising technologies which can boost your career prospects in the years to come. So, if you are someone who would like to get into a dynamic job with a hefty paycheck, then your best bet would be to add Kubernetes to your technology portfolio.
Is Kubernetes a good skill to learn? ›Today, Kubernetes is one of the most sought-after skills in product engineering because it allows applications to scale up massively without sacrificing stability, speed, or security. As a result, professionals with skills in Kubernetes security are also in high demand.
Do we need service discovery in Kubernetes? ›The different components need to communicate within a microservices architecture for applications to function, but individual IP addresses and endpoints change dynamically. As a result, there is a need for service discovery so services can automatically discover each other.
What is a Kubernetes service list the 4 types of Kubernetes services? ›
- ClusterIP. Exposes a service which is only accessible from within the cluster.
- NodePort. Exposes a service via a static port on each node's IP.
- LoadBalancer. Exposes the service via the cloud provider's load balancer.
- ExternalName.
NodePort : Exposes the Service on each Node's IP at a static port (the NodePort ).
How do you expose a port in Kubernetes pod? ›- kubectl apply -f ./run-my-nginx.yaml kubectl get pods -l run=my-nginx -o wide. ...
- kubectl get pods -l run=my-nginx -o custom-columns=POD_IP:.status.podIPs POD_IP [map[ip:10.244.3.4]] [map[ip:10.244.2.5]] ...
- kubectl expose deployment/my-nginx. ...
- kubectl get svc my-nginx. ...
- kubectl describe svc my-nginx.
The ephermal port range is specified in /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_local_port_range . As you can see, I set this value between 9000-9200 and any application which needs to use ephemeral ports will be using ports between this range. After editing this file, you might want to reboot your system though.
What is the purpose of the expose and publish command in Docker? ›Overview. In Docker, it's important to know which ports a containerized application is listening on. We also need a way to access the application from outside the container. To address those concerns, Docker enables us to expose and publish the ports.
How do I get external IP for Kubernetes pod? ›- Go to the kubectl command-line tool. ...
- Run the “kubectl get pods” command. Once you have installed the kubectl command-line tool, run the below command on Kubernetes node to find the pod's name. ...
- Copy the pod's name and run the “kubectl get pods server deployment” command.
- 1: Deploy and Access the Kubernetes Dashboard.
- 2: Accessing Clusters.
- 3: Configure Access to Multiple Clusters.
- 4: Use Port Forwarding to Access Applications in a Cluster.
- 5: Use a Service to Access an Application in a Cluster.
- 6: Connect a Frontend to a Backend Using Services.
At its core, Kubernetes relies on the Netfilter kernel module to set up low level cluster IP load balancing. This requires two critical modules, IP forwarding and bridging, to be on.
What is expose command in Kubernetes? ›kubectl expose − This is used to expose the Kubernetes objects such as pod, replication controller, and service as a new Kubernetes service. This has the capability to expose it via a running container or from a yaml file.
How do I monitor applications in Kubernetes? ›- Automatically Detect Application Issues by Tracking the API Gateway for Microservices. Granular resource metrics (memory, CPU, load, etc.) ...
- Always Alert on High Disk Utilization. ...
- Monitor End-User Experience when Running Kubernetes. ...
- Prepare Monitoring for a Cloud Environment.
How do I expose service in Aks? ›
- Before deploying ingress, you need to create a kubernetes secret to host the certificate and private key. You can create a kubernetes secret by running. ...
- Define the following ingress. ...
- Deploy ing-guestbook-tls.yaml by running. ...
- Check the log of the ingress controller for deployment status.
- Install kubectl.
- Use a cloud provider like Google Kubernetes Engine or Amazon Web Services to create a Kubernetes cluster. ...
- Configure kubectl to communicate with your Kubernetes API server.
- kubectl apply -f ./run-my-nginx.yaml kubectl get pods -l run=my-nginx -o wide. ...
- kubectl get pods -l run=my-nginx -o custom-columns=POD_IP:.status.podIPs POD_IP [map[ip:10.244.3.4]] [map[ip:10.244.2.5]] ...
- kubectl expose deployment/my-nginx. ...
- kubectl get svc my-nginx. ...
- kubectl describe svc my-nginx.
ClusterIP (default) - Exposes the Service on an internal IP in the cluster. This type makes the Service only reachable from within the cluster. NodePort - Exposes the Service on the same port of each selected Node in the cluster using NAT.
How do you expose a range of ports in Kubernetes? ›The ephermal port range is specified in /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_local_port_range . As you can see, I set this value between 9000-9200 and any application which needs to use ephemeral ports will be using ports between this range. After editing this file, you might want to reboot your system though.
What are the best practices to secure Kubernetes applications? ›- Enable Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)
- Use Third-Party Authentication for API Server.
- Protect ETCD with TLS and Firewall.
- Isolate Kubernetes Nodes.
- Monitor Network Traffic to Limit Communications.
- Use Process Whitelisting.
- Turn on Audit Logging.
- Use Transport Layer Security (TLS) for all API traffic. ...
- API Authentication. ...
- API Authorization. ...
- Limiting resource usage on a cluster. ...
- Controlling what privileges containers run with. ...
- Preventing containers from loading unwanted kernel modules. ...
- Restricting network access.
A pod is the basic execution unit of a Kubernetes application. It is the smallest and simplest unit in the Kubernetes object model. A pod is also the smallest schedulable item in a Kubernetes application.
Does AKS need a public IP? ›The following limitations apply when you create and manage AKS clusters that support a load balancer with the Standard SKU: At least one public IP or IP prefix is required for allowing egress traffic from the AKS cluster.
How do I deploy an application in Azure Kubernetes? ›- Create a Docker registry service connection to enable your pipeline to push images into your container registry.
- Create an environment and a Kubernetes resource within the environment. ...
- Generate an azure-pipelines. ...
- Generate Kubernetes manifest files.
Is AKS platform as a service? ›
Azure Kubernetes Service architecture
This hosted Platform as a Service (PaaS) platform is one reason why many businesses love AKS. The master node is responsible for scheduling all the communications between Kubernetes and your underlying cluster.
Types of services in Kubernetes
There are four types of services that are defined by how they expose the service outside the cluster.
- Go to the kubectl command-line tool. ...
- Run the “kubectl get pods” command. Once you have installed the kubectl command-line tool, run the below command on Kubernetes node to find the pod's name. ...
- Copy the pod's name and run the “kubectl get pods server deployment” command.
One way Kubernetes provides service discovery is through its endpoints API. With the endpoints API, client software can discover the IP and ports of pods in an application.